Management can be defined as, “The process of planning, leading, organizing and controlling people within a group in order to achieve goals; also used to mean the group of people who do this.”

An organization is a group of people working collectively to attain common objectives. Wherever there is a structured group of people working in the direction of a common goal, some type of management becomes vital. No business group can run effectively unless there is someone to administer its actions.

It is not easy to understand the effects of the particular situation in which a structured group has no management at all. If different people making up the group are left to themselves, the result will be utterly full of confusedness. Everyone will be administering his or her personal matters, and no one will be responsible for any thing. Therefore, it is the management, which makes the people, realize the objectives of the group and direct their efforts towards the achievement of these objectives.

Management is an important component of any group action. It is a primary force within the group or organization, which tends to direct it towards the groups objective. It is also necessary to plan, organize, co-ordinate and control the dealings of the organization. It puts together human and material resources, and actuates the people for the attainment of the objectives of the organization. Without management; production resources remain resources merely, and never become production.

Management is a universal process in all organized and social and economic activities. In your real life, wherever there is human activity, there is management. You see that every activity you undertake involves an element that ensures co-ordination and cohesiveness to the activity, without which your acts would be unproductive and ineffective. Like the domain of ancient philosophers all mankind is the management’s province

Wherever there is a prearranged group of people functioning for the achievement of a common objective, some type of management becomes vital. No organization can be run effectively unless there is somebody to supervise the actions. It is not hard to understand the effects of the situation in which an organizational group has no management in any way. If various people constituting the group are left to themselves, the end result will be utter confusion.

Production function has accepted huge significance as a primal function in every industrial undertaking. All other functions rotate around this function. The production activities are independent of the size of the undertakings. In a small concern one person may be undertaking this function while in big organizations, various individuals or separate teams may carry out this action. The success or failure of an organization depends upon the amount of care and function with rationality, and it will also help an undertaking to achieve its organizational goals.

Production is the creation of goods and utilities. In relation to goods, production is the fabrication of a physical object by making use of men, materials and equipment; whereas with regards to services, production is the discharge of a function, which has some value. This elucidation of production activity is very extensive one, and it does not match up with the commonly utilized practice of affiliating it with built-up process only. There can be many methods of production and the production manager will have to select a suitable technique for his unit. The different production methods are job production, batch production and flow production.

“Human resource management includes recruitment and selection of appropriate staff and management of the employment relationship, which includes contracts, collective bargaining, reward systems and employee involvement, and considers the strategic and operational view of human resource requirements.”

The word human resource is used for ‘people’ or ‘personnel’ working together in an organization to achieve the desired results. The human resources department inside the organization is called the ‘personnel department’ or ‘human resource department’ who looks after the organizational aspects of the staff. Managing all these human resources is termed as human resource management.

The human resource includes recruitment, selection, training, job evaluation, performance appraisal, remunerations, and all other things that provide job satisfaction to the applicants or employees working in the organization. Human resources plays a crucial role that assist companies to cope with an ever-changing, bloodthirsty surroundings. The main objectives of human resource management are as follows:

- Efficiently utilizing and managing people.
- Performance assessment and reward to proficiencies.
- Developing competencies that enhance individual as well as organizational performance.
- Escalating the modernism, originality and tractability required to improve rivalry.
- Implementing novel approaches to work process, career growth and inter-organizational mobility.
- Managing the execution and integration of technology through superior staffing, training and communication.

The human resources provide considerable back up and recommendation to administration. It entails a systematic apprehension of motivation, which gives strength and attracts employees in the direction of the accomplishment of organizational as well as individual objectives. It motivates employees through rewards and incentives given with the purpose of knowing optimistic work performance that contributes to the achievement of the organization’s aim.